See strumpaz on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "strump-halt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "stromp"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "strumpel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strømpe"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strump"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strømpe"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strumpa"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strumpe"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strømpe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "strump"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*strump"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "strompen"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "strompelen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "strompen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Strumpf"
},
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Strump"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Strëmp"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "strumpf"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "*strumpf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*strump"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "stropp"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "*stroppr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*stremb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stremb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*staraz",
"t": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *staraz (“stiff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "strumps",
"t": "short"
},
"expansion": "Latvian strumps (“short”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "stram"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German stram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stramm",
"3": "",
"4": "tight, taught; upright, erect"
},
"expansion": "German stramm (“tight, taught; upright, erect”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Pfeiffer, from a Proto-Indo-European *stremb-, *stremp- (“stump, short”), from a nasal labial extension of *sterh₁- (“to be stiff”); compare Proto-Germanic *staraz (“stiff”), as well as Latvian strumps (“short”), which appears to be particularly close in formation. However, the laryngeal reconstruction is problematic. Compare also Middle Low German stram and German stramm (“tight, taught; upright, erect”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strump",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "*strumpaz m",
"name": "gem-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/strumpaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"stem, stalk"
],
"id": "en-strumpaz-gem-pro-noun-3h1~xVa9",
"links": [
[
"stem",
"stem"
],
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "strampeln"
},
{
"word": "[Term?]"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "strumpaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Frisian",
"lang_code": "ofs",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "strump-halt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "stromp"
}
],
"lang": "Low German",
"lang_code": "nds",
"word": "strumpel"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strømpe"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strump"
},
{
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strømpe"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strumpa"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strumpe"
},
{
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "strømpe"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Low German",
"lang_code": "gml",
"word": "strump"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*strump"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "strompen"
},
{
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "strompelen"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "strompen"
}
],
"lang": "Old Dutch",
"lang_code": "odt"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "Strumpf"
},
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "Strump"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "Strëmp"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"word": "strumpf"
}
],
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "*strumpf"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*strump"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Norwegian",
"lang_code": "no",
"word": "stropp"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "*stroppr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*stremb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *stremb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*staraz",
"t": "stiff"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *staraz (“stiff”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "strumps",
"t": "short"
},
"expansion": "Latvian strumps (“short”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "stram"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German stram",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "stramm",
"3": "",
"4": "tight, taught; upright, erect"
},
"expansion": "German stramm (“tight, taught; upright, erect”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Pfeiffer, from a Proto-Indo-European *stremb-, *stremp- (“stump, short”), from a nasal labial extension of *sterh₁- (“to be stiff”); compare Proto-Germanic *staraz (“stiff”), as well as Latvian strumps (“short”), which appears to be particularly close in formation. However, the laryngeal reconstruction is problematic. Compare also Middle Low German stram and German stramm (“tight, taught; upright, erect”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strump",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "strumpamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "*strumpaz m",
"name": "gem-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/strumpaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"German"
],
"word": "strampeln"
},
{
"word": "[Term?]"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"stem, stalk"
],
"links": [
[
"stem",
"stem"
],
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "strumpaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for strumpaz meaning in All languages combined (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.